Meteorites as witnesses and products of the evolution of the solar system, threat and resource for the future

В этой вводной лекции затрагиваются представления о происхождении метеоритов как производных эволюции астероидов и комет (основная тема), а также угроза, связанная с метеоритами, астероидами и кометами, и тема метеоритов, астероидов и комет как космических ресурсов.The introductory lecture addresses understanding of the origin of meteorites as product of evolution of asteroids and comets (major topic); the threats associated with meteorites, asteroids and comets and meteorites, asteroids and comets as cosmic resources.Работа поддержана грантом Российского научного фонда 17-12-01441

THE DEPENDENCE OF THE CHAIN BRANCHING DEGREE ON MOLECULAR WEIGHT: FRACTAL ANALYSIS

The fractal analysis methodology allows the clear structural identification of both chemical and physical factors controlling a chain branching degree. The effective number of branching centers per one macromolecule m is controlled by four factors: polymer molecular weight, MW, maximal “chemical” density of reactive centers, cch, dimension of non-screening surface of macromolecular coil, du, and its fractal dimension, D. The presented research allows the determination of the critical value, Dcr = 1.10, the lower of which branching degree is equal to zero (i.e., branching does not occur

Development of a technology for expression of recombinant human erythropoietin in cultured mammalian cells using alphavirus expression system

Currently there are no industrial eukaryotic expression systems other than transient expression from plasmids or expression from genes integrated into host genome. Both approaches (use of eukaryotic plasmids or chromosomal integration) suffer from poor scalability and often from poor yields. Although, in laboratory settings, effective means for transducing of cultured cells to express foreign proteins and for high-level transient expression were developed based on viral genomes. We thought to develop a scalable and suitable for industrial application technology for the production of recombinant human erythropoietin (EPO) in mammalian cell cultures using an expression vector based on the genome of RNA virus

Development of a technology for expression of recombinant human erythropoietin in cultured mammalian cells using alphavirus expression system

Currently there are no industrial eukaryotic expression systems other than transient expression from plasmids or expression from genes integrated into host genome. Both approaches (use of eukaryotic plasmids or chromosomal integration) suffer from poor scalability and often from poor yields. Although, in laboratory settings, effective means for transducing of cultured cells to express foreign proteins and for high-level transient expression were developed based on viral genomes. We thought to develop a scalable and suitable for industrial application technology for the production of recombinant human erythropoietin (EPO) in mammalian cell cultures using an expression vector based on the genome of RNA virus

On the State of Art of Development of Astronomy in Russia

The state of art and prospects of development of astronomy in Russia are discussed. The current state is characterized by a considerable lag behind the world level, especially in the technology of the ground-based astronomical observations. Based on the results of expertise, the most promising infrastructure projects were selected. To implement them, state support is needed. The problems and prospects of participation of Russian astronomers in the life of the International Astronomical Union are also discussed.Обсуждаются состояние и перспективы развития астрономии в России. На данный момент оно характеризуется значительным отставанием от мирового уровня, прежде всего в технологии наземных астрономических наблюдений. В целях выхода из этой ситуации проведена экспертиза проблемы и намечены наиболее перспективные инфраструктурные проекты. Для их реализации необходима поддержка государства. Также обсуждаются проблемы и перспективы участия российских астрономов в жизни Международного астрономического союза

On the Universal Basic Distribution Describing the Initial Mass Function of Various Astronomical Objects

The fundamental prerequisites for the existence of a universal basic distribution describing the initial mass function (IMF) of various astronomical objects on scales ranging from dust particles to galaxy clusters are considered.Рассмотрены фундаментальные предпосылки существования универсального базового распределения, описывающего начальную функцию масс (НФМ) различных астрономических объектов на масштабах от пылинок до скоплений галактик

Research and Parry of Space Threats: Work for Astronomers

В последние годы космическим угрозам (опасностям) уделяется все возрастающее внимание. В ряде стран ведутся большие национальные программы по изучению и парированию таких угроз. В этом кратком обзоре, имеющем вводный характер, рассмотрено современное состояние проблем космического мусора, космической погоды, астероидно-кометной опасности, космических помех (темного и спокойного неба), то есть направлений, которые имеют выраженную практическую составляющую и в решении которых роль астрономии весьма значительна. Актуальность темы особенно возрастает в связи с разработкой в России проекта «Млечный путь» по созданию общероссийской системы изучения и парирования космических угроз. Цель работы — привлечь внимание астрономов, особенно молодых, к осуществлению этого важного проекта.In recent years, space threats (hazards) have received increasing attention. A number of countries are conducting national programs to study and counter such threats. This brief overview, which has an introductory character, examines the current state of the problems of space debris, space weather, asteroid-comet hazard, dark and quiet sky, i. e. areas that have a pronounced practical component and in solving which the role of astronomy is very significant. The relevance of the topic is rising in connection with the development of the “Milky Way” Project, which is aimed to create an all-Russian system for studying and parrying space threats. The aim of the work is to attract the attention of astronomers, especially young ones, to the implementation of this important project